Automation runs hand in hand with expensive vehicles. Adaptive headlights are one example of how automation can make the job of driving your car easier. And they're no longer the domain of expensive vehicles as well. You can get adaptive headlamps on cars that are within the reach of the masses. In case you're thinking of getting a new car for yourself and don't have any idea of what adaptive headlights mean, fret not. By the time you're finished reading this, you'll be well aware of everything about them that you need to enquire with the salesman in the showroom.
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The word adaptive rightfully suggests what such headlights do fundamentally. They adapt to the driving conditions. Their main purpose is to offer more visibility, especially when you're cornering. So, adaptive headlights essentially turn with the steering wheel, casting light at way better angles than regular headlamps. When you're turning a corner at a higher speed than usual, regular headlights keep the road in darkness for a couple of seconds due to their fixed nature. Adaptive headlights are hence much better for visibility and safety.
Another purpose of such headlights is to switch to high beam or low beam automatically. They do this by observing the traffic ahead of them. If there are vehicles oncoming in the opposite lane, they automatically switch to low beam to avoid blinding them. As soon as the lane is empty again, they switch to high beam to give you further visibility of the road ahead. Some adaptive headlights even monitor the speed of the vehicle to decide whether to project the light closer or further.
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The short answer is sensors. The long answer is a bit more complicated. The bulbs inside the headlights are mounted on motors or servos that allow them to pivot. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the sensors are able to detect curvature on the road and adjust the bulbs in accordance. Hence, when the direction returns back to normal, so do the bulbs.
As for adaptive high beams, they make use of a sensor that looks for headlights or taillights on the cars ahead. When even one car is spotted driving in the opposite lane, the sensors instruct the car to automatically switch to low beam. And once that vehicle passes, the sensor switches the high beams back on.
Safety remains the biggest advantage of such headlights. They help you avoid hazardous situations by giving you a view of a few feet further ahead or slightly more around a corner. This could make a huge difference especially when you're driving fast. The only disadvantage they have is the added costs that their assembly needs. This means, even if they might be making their way into affordable vehicles, when it comes to repairing them, the costs will be more than usual.
